Eczema, or atopic dermatitis, is a common skin condition causing dry, itchy, and inflamed patches. It typically begins in childhood, often within the first six months. While atopic dermatitis is common, it can be severe and long-lasting. It usually improves as a child grows older, though flare-ups may persist into adulthood. The condition weakens the skin’s barrier, making it harder to retain moisture and protect against irritants. Eczema is not contagious but results from genetics, environmental triggers, and conditions like asthma, hay fever, or allergies. Types of eczema include atopic dermatitis, contact dermatitis, dyshidrotic eczema, neurodermatitis, nummular eczema, and seborrheic dermatitis, with some individuals experiencing multiple types.